This propellant, however, was not considered to be as stable as cordite in the tropics and cordite was, therefore, still retained as a propellant in military cartridges for the remainder of the cartridges service life. On UK Government contracts 1914 1915. By Barry W. Gracia, An extensive website on the Vickers machine gun, Harrington Aviation Museum DropZone Newsletter, Identification Manuals Nos 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the .303 British Service Cartridge. KN Kings Norton Metal Co., Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. This producer is now known as Metallwerk Elisenhutte GmbH Nassau. The propellant interests being concentrated mainly at Ardeer within the Nobel Division of ICI. WRA = Winchester Repeating Arms - New Haven, Connecticut. It is impossible to walk between the rows of cottages without being convinced that the surface of the ground is to a large extent composed of the overflowing contents of these midden boxes. Providing . 1976 750,000 Spennymoor Recreation Centre opened. Spennymoor, United Kingdom (1913-1945). Cost 87,000. Ammunition production ceased completely at Woolwich in 1957, the last known production of .303 ammunition there being Mk 7 Ball in 1957. Believed to have manufactured .303 ammunition as early as 1898 until 1918. A or AI Artillerie Inrichtingen, Hembrug, NETHERLANDS. Edward lll was otherwise engaged at Crecy in France at the time, but his Queen, Phillipa, with the Archbishop of York, the Bishops of Durham, Lincoln and Carlisle, and the Lords Neville and Percy and others marched North, and with an array of 16,000 men, moved along the ridge from Auckland to Merrington. 8 ROF Beech Hill, Wigan ROF Birtley. We were also allowed inside a Halifax Bomber and according to a map we flew all over Darlington and Durham. My sister lived in Billingham which was badly bombed, the sky was full of barrage balloons to protect the ICI factory. The last .303 ball cartridges manufactured at Radway Green in 1973 were loaded with nitro-cellulose powder and not cordite, cordite having last been used for the .303 cartridge in the 1960s. 1695 Gunpowder was also stored at Upnor Castle (later the Upnor Armaments Supply Depot) from at least as early as 1695. The Spennymoor ammunition was filled at the Royal Ordnance Factory, Aycliffe, Durham. Used the monogram 1942 to 1943. 1929 Prince of Wales visits Spennymoor. VE Cartoucherie de Valence, FRANCE. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: MS Explosives Factory, Salisbury, AUSTRALIA. The new St. Charles School opened. In 1923 only four houses were built and there was still massive overcrowding in back to back properties. Production of the .303 cartridge commenced in 1940 and the last known production of this cartridge was in 1973 with Mk 7Z Ball and Dummy Drill cartridges. The first coal from Merrington Colliery was brought up in 1841; a pit with a chequered career which only prospered under the partnership of L.M Reay and R.S. Jackson, in his Place Names of Durham, 1916, suggests a Scandinavian Spaan meaning shingle-hut and Anglo-Saxon combination involving mar Spennymoor being the moor called after the shingle-hut erected thereon. Rough houses were built for the pit workers houses with two rooms and a loft, more like piggeries than human habitation according to Dodd. As a result, many hundreds of immigrant workers came here from the Midlands and more rows of dark little houses were erected. Known to have produced .303 cartridges during the period 1940 1944 in: C-P Crompton Parkinson Ltd, Doncaster, Yorkshire, UNITED KINGDOM. In 1963 changes were indicated and Durham County Council and then then Ministry of Housing and Local Government agreed that Spennymoor should be a new growth point and that town centre redevelopment should take place; that the Tudhoe ironworks site should be reclaimed; that a major highway scheme should be put into hand; that the Royal Ordnance Factory Industrial Estate should be extended and that the Green Lane Industrial Estate should be developed. 1995 H.M. Queen Elizabeth II visited the Thorn Lighting factory at Spennymoor. Incendiary bombs burn down Tudhoe Colliery Co-op. This factory was set up as part of the 1939-1945 war emergency expansion plan. 1942 There were 42 Royal Ordnance factories at this time, of which 24 were engineering, 8 made explosives, and 10 were engaged in filling ordnance (these numbers seem to have been confused by the MP reporting these statistics). Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: G, GB or GBF Greenwood and Batley, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM. DWM Deutsche Waffen Und Munitionsfabrik, Karlsruhe, GERMANY. In 1963 too there came the first private building developments to take place since back in the days of the 19th century colliery owners. After the war in 1918 Kynoch Ltd, in common with most other British small arms ammunition manufacturers, was merged into Explosives Trades Ltd, later to become Nobel Industries. P or PC Peters Cartridge Co., Kings Mills, Ohio, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ROF Steeton; SAA Factory No. 1886 The Sparkbrook factory of the National Arms and Ammunition Co was sold to the government[2] in order to secure the production of small arms. Over the next 2 years about 40000 was invested in re-equipping the factory[3]. 1931 Pilgrim Trust founds the Settlement. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 (identified on headstamp as 7.70) cartridges during 1918 in: Also known to have produced ball rounds in the 1920s and 30s, A VE Atelier de Construction de Valence, FRANCE. Maintained by Sapere Software. D, DF, N or S Indian Government Ammunition Factory, Dum Dum, Calcutta, INDIA. I remember Lord Haw Haw on radio speaking from Germany calling. This story has been placed in the following categories. This factory was built in 1916 and was administered on behalf of the Government by the Birmingham Metal and Munitions Co. .303 cartridge production started in early 1918 and continued until late 1918 when the factory ceased production altogether. This company was formed in 1890 at Kings Norton, it owned its own rolling mills and had a loading plant at Abbey wood in Kent. The plaque was unveiled on the former Royal Ordnance Factory building, now an activity centre, by 100-year-old angel Muriel Scott. those of the BBC. Spennymoor Health Centre opened. ROF Aycliffe; Filling Factory No. My brother-in-law was taken prisoner in Italy. There was a glazeboard wad on top of the charge to protect the base of the bullet. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: KF or K Indian Government Ammunition Factory Kirkee (or Kirkee Arsenal), near Poona, INDIA. Butchers Race, one of the Five Lanes which meet at Tudhoe Crossroads, was so named after this foray. MJ Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 4, Hendon, AUSTRALIA. The 8; . 22. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: US United States Cartridge Co, Lowell, Mass., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Incendiary B Mk 3, B Mk 4Z*, B Mk 6, B Mk 6Z. do not work properly without it enabled. Royal Powder Mill Factory No 31. These men, early industrial workers, wore their hair long and on these gala days it flowed freely over their shoulders instead of, as usually was the case, being tied in curls. U or SAM South African Mint, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA. This factory made and marked cases but filling was carried out at the Royal Ordnance Factory Swynnerton, Staffs. Royal Ordnance Factory. It was changed to a limited company in 1884 as G. Kynoch & Co Ltd and by then was manufacturing metallic ammunition. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Armour Piercing W Mk 1 and W Mk 1 Special. Royal Small Arms Factory Factory No 2. The headstamp code B denoting the manufacturer should not be confused with B as in BVIIZ which indicates incendiary ammunition. With few exceptions, the housing situation was little better than when Dodd had described the houses as more like piggeries. SMI Societa Metallurgica Italiana, Campo Tizzoro, ITALY. The coal industry has been replaced by manufacturers of consumer goods, and factories of Electrolux, Thorn Lighting and Black and Decker were established. Modern Spennymoor was built on mining and has its origins with the sinking of the Wittered pit in 1839. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 130gr, 150gr, 180gr and 215 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, OFN Government Ordinance Factory, Lagos, NIGERIA. Early site history and production [ edit] First World War [ edit] Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Short Range Practice ( New Zealand Pattern), 215 gr RNSP, 180 gr PSP, 180 gr HP, 174 gr PSP, 150 gr PSP, 130 gr PSP and 150 gr HP Sporting Ammunition, Mks 4 and 5 Big Game Exploder Sporting Ammunition. Page Bank colliery opened. More workers came from Wales and Lancashire with the opening of the mine at Page Bank (ten lives were lost in a pit fire here in 1858), and with the sinking of a new pit at Tudhoe in the 1880s. 1942 There were 42 Royal Ordnance factories at this time, of which 24 were engineering, 8 made explosives, and 10 were engaged in filling ordnance (these numbers seem to have been confused by the MP reporting these statistics). Royal Navy Destroyer H.M.S. ROF Featherstone; Filling Factory No. These houses were, unusually, semi-detached and arranged in a chequerboard layout, very much in contrast to the dreary terraces that were then the standard. M Nobel Explosives Ltd., Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM. Penny Rate Product 18,500. The cases were made by BSA for Maxim machine guns in the 1890s. Penny Rate Product 303. In WWI the Ministry of Munitions took over responsibility for manufacture of explosives (see H. M. Explosive Factories) and for filling of munitions (see National Filling Factories and National Projectile Factories, etc). It became G. Kynoch & Co Ltd in 1884 and by then was manufacturing metallic ammunition. ROF Spennymoor; SAA Factory No. For any other comments, please Contact Us. These soft nosed and hollow pointed bullets were considered however to be in contravention of the St Petersburg Declaration and the Hague Convention, in 1903 they were withdrawn from active service and were afterwards to be used solely for target practice. List of sites of Royal Ordnance Factories. Most countries do not, unlike Britain, identify the bullet by the headstamp, so such colour markings are often the only way to identify the bullet in use. At the factory we made .303 and .5 cases and caps, as well as bullets. Amongst the many hundreds of guns produced during his administration, which were at least 50% more powerful than the guns they superseded, not a single failure or accident of any kind occurred. 1880 Tudhoe Iron Works produced 17,000 tons of iron and 2,000 tons of steel. Post-WWI Returned to lower production levels. Later, Binchester became one of the vills of the Earl of Northumberland who held it until 1420 when it passed to the Nevilles who finally forfeited it with other lands in 1569. Spennymoor is a town in County Durham, England. 33/4m Bessemer Park Estate completed. British military contracts 1914 1917, Ball, Mk 7Z (Canadian Pattern). ITALY used both bullet tip and annulus codes, Armour Piercing Incendiary (Phosphorus filled) Blue tip, Armour Piercing Incendiary (Thermite filled) Green tip, UNITED KINGDOM AND COMMONWEALTH COUNTRIES BEFORE c 1955,ie Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand, and South Africa used bullet tip and annulus code from about 1918 onwards, Armour Piercing Green tip, Green annulus, Tracer Short Range White tip, Red annulus, Tracer Dark Ignition Grey tip, Red annulus. 1897 Kenmirs furniture factory opens in Silver Street. The manufacturing departments, namely the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, the Royal Gunpowder Factory at Waltham Abbey and the Royal Small Arms Factory (Enfield), were transferred to the War Office. 1984 Middlestone Moor Community Centre built. Both firms are believed to have manufactured .303 Blackpowder Mk 2 Ball Cartridges, L-E or U Remington UMC, Bridgeport, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 1992 Jubilee Park wins Best Park in Town Award in Northumbria in Bloom Competition. FNT Fabrica Nacional de Espana, Palencia, SPAIN. HN Royal Ordnance Factory, Hirwaun, South Wales, UNITED KINGDOM. A further reorganisation and expansion followed in 1889 when George Kynoch was ousted from the management and this then culminated in a further change of title to Kynoch Ltd in 1897. By this time we were given mugs of tea and corned beef sarnies. 11. 1912 Durham Road Higher Elementary School opened. Jubilee Park new Bowling Green created. This web publication contains 147,919 pages of 1945 World War II ended. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Ball cartridges, VIS Atelier de Chargement de Vincennes, FRANCE. V.J.Day. .303 cartridges known to have been produced with the Blackpole headstamped cases from 1941 to 1945 are: Ball, Cordite Mk 7 Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Ballistite H Mk 1Z Dummy, U Mk 5 Incendiary, B Mk 6Z and B Mk 7Z Tracer, G Mks 2, 3 and 4 Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. My husband worked in the mines with Bevin Boys. 21. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: NORMA or norma Norma Projectilfabrik, Amotfors, SWEDEN. 299.06 KB. Made dummy drill rounds with a one piece tinplate case and bullet and having a crimped on base in 1915. Factory in operation 1828 1919. This company represents the only new commercial ammunition manufacturer put into business by the Government as a result of demand in the 1914- 18 war. 1887 Renamed the Royal Ordnance Factories, control passed to the financial secretary's Civil Department. Royal Arsenal Factory No 1. It was selected to produce small arms ammunition as part of the 1939-1945 war emergency expansion plans. In 1918 this factory had the capacity to produce about 5.4 million rounds per month. Spennymoor Settlement, opened in 1931 with a grant from the Pilgrim Trust, aimed to support the unemployed by encouraging : Tolerant neighbourliness and voluntary social service and {giving} its members opportunities for increasing their knowledge, widening their interests and cultivating their creative powers in a friendly atmosphere. Wesleyan Church opened. Download. 1759 Government purchase of the privately-owned gunpowder mill at Faversham and the establishment there of the Royal Powder Mill. 1972 Cambridge Theatre/Cinema destroyed by fire. 1985 Largest European manufacturer of ammunition, 1986 Royal Ordnance was bought by British Aerospace (BAe). Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 180 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, 150 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition. Royal Arsenal Factory No 1. DAL or LAC Dominion Arsenal, Lindsay, Ontario, CANADA. MW Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 6, Welchpool, AUSTRALIA. TW = Twin Cities Ordnance Plant - Minneapolis, Minnesota. Post-War: many of the factories were closed, although some were reopened for the Korean war. Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: Ball, L1A1 to British Government contract(1982-85). 1921 Royal Ordnance took over the National Filling Factories. The monogram MF1 was used for a short time in 1940 when the Gordon Street Factory commenced production. Tracer Mk VII.G, G Mk 1, G Mk 2, G Mk 2Z, G Mk 3, Tracer G Mk 3Z, G Mk 4, G Mk 5, G Mk 6, G Mk 6Z, G Mk 7, G Mk 8 and G Mk 8Z, 180 gr Jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, Streamlined Pattern 1936-37 Match Cartridge, Bulleted blanks for Bren, Lewis and Vickers, Experimental armour piercing incendiary (1956). this was examining and weighing capsules to be used in Burma for killing mosquitoes and fleas. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: W-W Winchester Western Division of Olin Industries, New Haven, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: GKB or K George Kynoch, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. Nevertheless, the situation remained bad and there were still far too many damp, badly lit and ventilated houses opening onto small paved yards or back streets. This factory was part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plan. c 1948. 1877 New iron Railway Bridge replaced the old wooden Bridge over the High Street. HXP Greek Powder and Cartridge Co, Athens, GREECE. U = Utah Ordnance Plant - Salt Lake City, Utah. The bullet to this round was designed to break up with a puff of smoke on impact with a target or the ground . Dunkirk survivors housed in halls and schools. DAC Dominion Arsenal, Quebec, CANADA. Spennymoor Circus and Novely Hippodrome opened. Byers Green and Kirk Merrington redeveloped. Spennymoor was ringed with collieries, black furnaces and coke ovens and the new prosperity showed itself in the building of better houses and in the opening of Co-operative stores. RG Royal Ordnance Factory, Radway Green, Cheshire, UNITED KINGDOM. Should the reader be aware of any omissions in this manufacturers listing then the author would be very pleased to hear from them. POF Pakistan Ordnance Factory, Rawalpindi, PAKISTAN. In 1677 the small freeholders and the local gentry divided 243 acres of the moor between themselves, an act which was confirmed by the Chancery Court. Neither Britons nor Romans cultivated the moor, but on the site of Binchester, a village five miles to the south-west, the Romans built a camp around which grew up the settlement of Vinovium. Although coal-mining continued and the ironworks and engineering businesses were also providing employment, the start of the 20th century saw the start, too, of a long period of depression. The Dene is landscaped. These squalid conditions were paralleled by the ever-uncertain economic conditions in industry. 1986 Tudhoe Community Centre built. In the event that you consider anything on this page to be in breach of the site's House Rules, please click here. MF or AF Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 1, Footscray, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. FN Fabrique National dArmes de Guerre, Herstal, BELGIUM. IMPERIAL Canadian Industries Ltd, Montreal, CANADA and Plattsburg, NY, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. The arms factory was closed in 1987. 1906 Birmingham Small Arms Co took over the Royal Small Arms Factory at Sparkbrook[5]. In 1910 the 174 grain pointed Mark VII bullet was adopted and the muzzle velocity was increased to 2440 feet per second. The coal mining at Whitworth and a small foundry at Merrington Lane were the earliest industries, but in 1853 the Weardale Iron and Coal Company opened its great ironworks at Tudhoe. It initially had a small boxer type primer and was officially designated Cartridge, S.A., Ball, Magazine Rifle, Mark 1.C. The Woolwich site apart from containing all the supportive facilities for the research, design, development, inspection and testing of ammunition also included an extensive range complex on the Plumpstead Marshes. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 8Z ( Canadian Pattern ), Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Ballistite H Mk 1Z ( Canadian Pattern ), Tracer G Mk 2Z, G Mk 4Z, G Mk 6Z ( Canadian Pattern ). Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges: Ball, Mk 7 for 1914 1917 military contracts, Ball, Mk 7Z ( American WW2 Contract Pattern ). Kenmirs Furniture Factory and the old Arcadia Cinema were both destroyed by fire. Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield Factory No 2. This factory manufactured cartridges for use by the British Army in India as well as the Indian Army. They are known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: GA Grenfell and Accles Ltd, Perry Barr, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. 1942 1942 1943 1944 Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland Tikkakoski was the first private arms manufacturer in Finland. Floral waistcoats and ribboned hats were worn on these highly colourful occasions. The ROF Regiment were stationed in Spennymoor factory under the leadership of Captain Calderbank. K5 Imperial Chemical Industries Kynoch factory at Kidderminster, Worcestershire., UNITED KINGDOM. Woolwich Arsenal, of which the Royal Laboratory was only a part, is situated in South East London on the River Thames. 5. Wolsey adopted by people of Spennymoor. Servicesheld in Town Hall. Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 ball cartridges for export pre 1939. ROF Aycliffe; Filling Factory No. Initial Radway Green production used a single arrow as the headstamp code and this was replaced in 1942 by the RG code. Beretta Group owns now the Tikka arms brand. BE or BE Royal Ordnance Factory, Blackpole, Worcester, UNITED KINGDOM. 1994 Town wins National Allotment Society Waterlow Trophy. Known to have produced 7.7 x 56R cartridges which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: RA Remington Arms Co.,Inc., Bridgeport, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 2000 Millennium Mining Memorial unveiled in Victoria Jubilee Park. The huge munitions factory employed some 17,000 . Spennymoor had elected Labour MPs for many years, but in recent times the area has become more marginal. Grace's Guide To British Industrial History, https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/index.php?title=Royal_Ordnance&oldid=1277361, Creative This page was last edited on 27 May 2022, at 11:53. T = Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland. 2001 Memorial to two Hurricane pilots killed in aircrash at Tudhoe in 1942 unveiled at York Hill Cemetery. This company was already in existence but unconnected with ammunition manufacture when the 1939 1945 war broke out. 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