In 2006, I was in the Archives processing the papers of the Reverend Bradford Abernethy, Rutgers University Chaplain and found a thin folder labeled Hungarian scientists. Camp Kilmer during World War II was unprecedented. In Budapest, a set of Sixteen Points were agreed upon and advanced as a set of revolutionary demands. Meetings of the Petfi Circle began to draw thousands of participants. What had been a majority of students became a more representative crowd as night-shift workers in weapons factories, hearing of the massacre, armed themselves and filled lorries to spread to the revolting people. Press coverage of this and similar incidents led to great public sympathy for the Hungarian people, and President Eisenhower used the parole authority provided by the Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1952 (INA) to allow approximately 30,000 additional Hungarians to enter the country. The Arizona Refugee Resettlement Program (RRP) supports refugees through transitional benefits and contracted community partners as they resettle in the United States. This was an extraordinary achievement, considering that in some cases the students full academic records were not available from Hungary, and many of them had language or other initial handicaps. But on November 4, the Soviet Union sent a new wave of troops into Budapest to crush the revolutionaries and reassert its own dictatorship. Refugees include Pal P., Ferenc, Maria, Ildiko and Karoly Rath, Arpad and Klara C. and their daughters, Suzie and Judy. If possible, include a copy of the catalog record when placing an order. affected units. The implementation of this American-Hungarian Foundation. Besides the co-directors an administrative officer worked at Camp Kilmer as assistant director. March 2, 2016. Throughout the 1980s and 90s, the remnants of Camp Kilmer, then known as the Sergeant Joyce Kilmer Reserve Center, was the location for Headquarters, 78th Division (TS) and for the Division's 1st Brigade (BCST) headquarters, both units of the US Army Reserve. Continued in Hungarian Refugee Scientists at Rutgers (Part 2). Dr. Stephen Temessy worked for the program as an assistant to the director, translator, interpreter, reporter and analyst of group feeling. Delays in Service of Nitrate Negatives. Later, the Rockefeller Foundation contributed to this program as well as others. But things darkened and her family fled to Austria, and from there to Camp Kilmer. Many of the accounts in 56 Stories are of emigrants who went on to study architecture, music or engineering in the United States. There are 4international refugee and migration organizations in the greater Phoenixmetro area, including the cities of Phoenix, Casa Grande, Chandler, Mesa, Scottsdale, and Tempe. Commissioner Swing traveled to Hungary, where he witnessed a Red Army soldier shoot an escaping Hungarian near the Austrian border. At the same time, the Academy actively searched for positions by posting a request in. Harvard University Press, 1961. On 12 December 1956, however, the President appointed a civilian Committee for To purchase copies through Duplication Services, cite the Call Number above and specify the medium you wish to order. PHOENIX A church in Mesa is once again welcoming migrants released by immigration officials. Imprint/Impressum, New Photo Gallery of 1956 Hungarian Refugees in the US Now Available, A new photo gallery documenting how Hungarian refugees were treated from their arrival to their eventual resettlement is now available on Blinken OSAs website, Academic Cooperation and Research Support, Vera and Donald Blinken Open Society Archives, Democracy in Question: Ken Opalo on the Prospects of Democracy Across Africa, GO WEST! Stephenson has since retired from Rutgers. 3 of the new Rutgers dormitory-classroom development in New Brunswick. As an "upgraded" military building, the building's lobby includes the original curved staircases and the cashier's pay windows. The purpose of the center was to help identify and place refugees with advanced scientific or other professional training. These actions will significantly enhance Anyone can read what you share. Guy E. Coriden. Stephenson went on to have a long career at Rutgers. Armed students in a car, source American Hungarian Federation. recommendation and creation of these new command structures will enhance military value, improve homeland defense Secure .gov websites use HTTPS As Russia centrally controlled the Hungarian government via the Communist Party, so also Communist Party chapters around the world reported back to the authority of the Comintern, falling into line with the orders from Moscow rather than making decisions independently. These councils, cropping up in Hungary at the time, had also appeared as central players in the Russian Revolution decades before - so central, in fact, that the country was renamed after them. Camp Kilmer dominates the story of flight from Hungary in 1956-1957 for many Hungarian Americans who experienced the Revolution, and with good reason: roughly four-fifths of them came through the camp, and their subsequent integration into American life was largely successful. He describes the early days of the resettlement at Camp Kilmer, driven by a "primary concern to provide a humanitarian welcome for the victimized Hungarian people motivated by a genuine sympathy and admiration and a determination to take full advantage of the propaganda opportunity against the Soviet Bloc. Secretary of Defense Recommendation: Close Camp Kilmer, NJ, and relocate the HQ 78th Eventually the HQ group was attached to another unit and major military presence left Camp Kilmer. Campgrounds & recreational Look at the Medium field above. The Hungarian Scholar program was launched by establishing an office on December 19 at the official refugee center at Camp Kilmer, New Brunswick, NJ (currently, Piscataway, NJ). No corporation and industry representatives were allowed to conduct similar interviews at Camp Kilmer. Invited talk at the Rutgers 250thAnniversary event: The Cold War at Camp Kilmer: Hungarian 56ers, Cubans, and US Refugee Policy in New Jersey. 59 Dudley Road The success of Operation Safe Haven, set a precedent for the U.S. to respond to humanitarian crises through expanded presidential powers. They set up a new front group "with the cover name of US Sociological and Technical Research Unit (USSTRU). Edith Lauer. The camp was organized as part of the Army Service Forces Transportation Corps. 134 photographic prints (contact sheets). About | A second photo gallery specifically dedicated to honoring the tireless work of Gary Filerman and his colleagues in Camp Kilmer, NJ has also been published. To further support restructuring; the realignment of Fort "I had 'been had,' and by people I respected On the other hand, in view of the nature of [the interview project] and its unclassified status, the idea that the CIA was involved assumed a cloak and dagger staging closer to comic opera than to serious drama.". The 30,000 registration cards of refugees processed at Camp Kilmer in 1956-57 are here, and 97 original letters written by Louise Kossuth Ruttkay, the sister of Lajos Kossuth, to Eliza Elvira Kenyon between 1875 and 1897. Record Group 336, Records of the Office of the Chief of Transportation, Teaching With Documents -- The Great Depression and World War II (1929-1945), Guide to Record Group 336, Records of the Office of the Chief of Transportation holdings at the National Archives, National Archives Experience: Digital Vaults. original item when a digital image is available. Two ways to do this. and altering existing facilities to meet unit training and communication requirements. The CIA on Campus: Essays on Academic Freedom and the National Security State. November, 1956: As a popular uprising in Hungary's capital, Budapest, was pushed back by the Soviet Union, bloody street fighting ensued. The crisis began on Oct. 23, 1956, when students in Budapest demonstrated against Soviet control. New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, Phone: 848-932-0305 date: 1449065090, have a compelling reason to see the original, consult with Reference staff can advise you in If you These actions will also improve business processes. [1], (See also: the fallout of lawsuits around another federal intelligence front-group: The Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology ). Northeast Region of the United States. It wasn't until 1977, Price writes, that Stephenson and Schulman found out that the CIA had funded their research, and that the interviews they conducted were being fed back to the feds. The purpose of the center was to help identify and place refugees with advanced scientific or other professional training. The HSS went about collecting information from the Hungarians in the barracks, that "generally consisted of name, place of birth, former occupation, military service, and, in some cases, education and language capabilities. !}QmurC&6ihY`9GU8iB$"g7) Councils in industrial towns and peasant groups in the farmlands made radio broadcasts and printed statements of their own demands, which were diverse and varied in range. It turned out to be a treasure trove of information one often bumps into in archives, even though it took several years to track down the whole story that I am sharing below. [Sarkady, 56 Stories. In many cases, the originals can be served in a Alternatively, you can purchase a copy through Library of Congress Duplication Services by citing the identifying information under the image (e.g.. OR view materials in the Prints & Photographs Reading Room. New Jersey People's History Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. But many Hungarians still felt betrayed- they had been expecting U.S. aid against the Soviet attacks, aid that never materialized as Budapest fell. United Nations, 1957. www.hungarianhistory.com/lib/unreport/unreport.pdf, Report on Hungarian Refugees. Read more: About the President's Committee for Hungarian Refugee Relief. 1956 - 2006 Memorial Album. The sponsor, the Rockefeller Foundation, emphasized that the purpose was to assist in preserving and developing brain capacity, instead of just providing relief and resettlement opportunities for refugees who happened to be students. Paul Zinner. (rare, but worth a try). There was a great deal of dialogue between intellectuals in the two countries, and that influenced the formation of the Petfi Circle. yBZ#jc=902C7xT?hC6:j:glQ!wFKg%)^R'J'8+O'I+P8t? [2] (The lower-case 'soviet' in this case means factory council. substantial deviation. USA.gov, 1956 Dec. 3 (date added to Look's library). 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