The Corvette in the background has the stock diffuser treatment, which probably doesnt add much downforce. Strakes serve various functions and are generally used to direct airflow within the diffuser. The more stable you can keep your splitter in relation to the ground, the more consistent your splitters aerodynamic performance will be. Published Dec 14, 2015. The rear of the car is dealing with all sorts of vortices, boundary layer effects and issues that you really need CFD or a wind tunnel to study. Since were dealing with production-based cars, lets talk splitters and air dams. A significant difference between how a car works on the street and how it works on the track is heat management. Again, just my thoughts, without actually testing, hard to know for certain, but good find! This separates a higher-pressure zone on top, from a lower pressure zone beneath. Always optimize your splitter and car for your expected use. The reason being is that the splitter is most likely to hit the ground in this area. Driving at a speed of 300 km/h, the groundeffect of the car would be extreme if there was no air under the car itself. Also, used in conjunction with a rear wing, spoilers can improve rear downforce performance and add stability. The angle of the diffuser relative to the ground plays a critical role in its effectiveness. Spreading out the attachment loads to several locations will help to reduce the deflection of the diffuser. These designs fail as the plastic isnt strong enough to hold it in place. The lower the pressure, the more you will gain downforce. If the strings are steadily flowing in the same direction, you have good surface attachment. Since it seems to come down to drag vs downforce,why isn't it more effective to properly size a wing above the car's rear? Fender venting is a widespread practice in prototype racing and well-designed vents can achieve large increases in downforce. Poor advice abounds on social media. For a street car, the easiest way to measure changes in drag is fuel economy and driving a lot of miles! This isnt ideal, but it is a way to continue the diffuser as far forward as possible. The increased cornering speeds encouraged by the first generation of racing car ground effects and the reliability of the side-skirt sealing with the ground raised safety concerns that culminated in a near universal ban of side skirts across all forms of motor sport. twin wall polycarbonate sheet. The tunnels ideally start close to the middle of the car, where the maximum downforce will be generated, and then gradually rake upwards (between 4-14 degrees) towards the rear of the car. My book - https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1787112837 Well the gods design for different parameters than we generally do. What about a 60% front / 40% rear Mitsu Evo? Additionally, your splitter length should not compromise the height at which it can run. Drive down the highway at 70 mph? So, let's take a look at how diffuser's actually work. Test at speeds youre likely to be cornering at. Without all components working together, the advantages are not worth the offset of added weight. Gray interior w/suede seat inserts, exposed carbon fiber roof panel, 7-speed manual, 2LT, non-NPP, non-mag ride, non-nav. Is it a case of monkey see, monkey do, or do these diffusers actually help a car stick to the road? Some vehicles, such as rally cars, have aero that can be effective at a little over 30mph, but this setup won't be very good for high speed use, as it would cause huge drag above 100mph. Stalling limits the downforce that can be created. Accordingly, it is widely considered to be indispensable to their . Would there be any performance benefit if the diffuser were say 6 inches off the ground? With high-pressure air above the car and low pressure under the car, high downforce is present while reducing aerodynamic drag. Too steep and the flow separates from the underbody, increasing turbulence and drag. The issue is, its beyond the scope of this article to help design a good system, because the further downstream you are on the car, the more the effects of wheel wash, boundary layer and dispersed flow creates problems with proper attachment. For styling purposes, we see a lot of ducts and vents that go nowhere. Do you know of verus aerodynamic? There are a few ways to accomplish this, but they each come with caveats. Lastly, shape matters. My buddy at DHP certainly made the splitter. >> View all rear diffuser range << 127mm Universal Rear Diffuser Tunnel 270mm Universal Rear Diffuser Tunnel 630mm Universal Rear Diffuser Tunnel 790mm Universal Rear Diffuser Tunnel Group C Style Universal Rear Diffuser They used the design to efficiently extract heat from their massive engines without causing unnecessary drag. Any cooling inlets on your car will increase drag and can reduce downforce, but obviously you cant get rid of them. While driving in a safe area, use string tufts to see what angles and speeds show strong airflow attachment. Flat sheet could be stiffened with a bonded aluminum angle which are also good attachment points. Screwing around with fluid dynamics in the shadow of the people who developed this car could very likely be a fool's errand. If you want one for cosmetic reasons, then fine, but make sure it is securely fixed. As a vehicle drives down the road, high-speed air is passing underneath the vehicle at low pressure. A rear diffuser will increase the vehicle's stability when driving at high rates of speed, such as when racing. Win-win! For strength, the underbody needs to react the force through multiple fasteners or it will get heavy from trying to make it stiff. For example, a Miata has a weight distribution of 50% front / 50% rear. Back to News Recent Blogs View all BMW G80 M3 Wheel Torque Specs Jan 25, 2023 Durango SRT Vs SRT Hellcat This mod allows you to retain an OEM+ look and impressive induction sound that won't necessarily attract the attention of everyone in a 3 . You can do some interesting things with aero and balance. Commercial vehicles usually adopt it to increase the design appeal of the vehicle, which provides little or no aerodynamic advantage. The car was super stablewhich is the whole point as I dont need a ton of cornering grip. Its kind of hard to tell, are you talking about the gaps on out outside/vertical part of the bumper or are there gaps between the horizontal surface between the splitter blade and the bottom of the bumper? Submitted by Pitguy141 (not verified) on February 4, 2012 - 22:14. Long story short, watch your temperatures and adjust cooling capacity accordingly! (not). According to Bernoulli's Principle, when the velocity of air increases, its pressure decreases. Laminar airflow increases efficiency as turbulent air decreases efficiency by creating drag. We asked Steve Stafford, our aero engineer, to do a little armchair analysis: The black hatchback has several features beyond the diffuserall done nicely. Enough with the intro, lets get down to business. The extra only helps when you need to increase the grip limits on the car. But, as the rear of the car gets farther from the road, the under-car flow is more likely to be disturbed by air entering from the sides and around the wheels. Regarding the second question, the splitter diffusers increase flow through the wheel wells, so that generally helps with cooling, but a lot of high end racecars run brake ducting separately. Rear Spoiler Spoilers can work with rear wings to improve performance of the wing and rear diffuser. I have zero science to back this claim up, but it seems like the underside of most vehicles would be much "dirtier" aerodynamically speaking than the shiny side. Low pressure under the car and high pressure at the rear create a pressure difference resulting in a vacuum which will suck the air out of the rear and create downforce. This may mean that the diffuser becomes shallower but wider in those areas. Racecar Engineering is the worlds leadingpublication for motorsport technology and engineering. Main Components of the Rear-End Diffuser There are two important parts to the rear-end diffuser: And I'll bet they changed the suspension as well. Stock Splitter: https://mossmiata.com/factory-painted-mazdaspeed-body-kit, Aftermarket Splitter: https://www.carbonmiata.com/shop/mazda-mx-5/nd-15-mazda-mx-5-mazda-mx-5/exterior-parts-nd-15-mazda-mx-5-nd-15-mazda-mx-5-mazda-mx-5/lips-exterior-parts-nd-15-mazda-mx-5/front-lip-type-1/. The splitter is a common, effective, and very efficient way to make a healthy amount of downforce. I plan on different setups for road tracks, LSR's, drags, open road races. With a well-designed rear diffuser, a spoiler can also alter underbody downforce. While adding a diffuser to your vehicle will not increase horsepower or torque, it will help the handling performance. While largely hidden from view, these devices are the secret weapons in an arsenal of aerodynamic features for generating downforce on racing cars. Now Im torn between going with the stock splitter as a direct replacement or this aftermarket splitter linked below which has a larger flat surface area, a small splitter air fence on the sides, and no gap between the splitter and the bumper. Thank you. Ill see huge downforce numbers regularly tossed about because aerodynamicists test at 160+ mph for big numbers. If the spoiler is at the front of the vehicle, it is called an Air Dam which reduces the amount of air flowing under the vehicle. This pressure differential manifests as increased load on the tires. Underbody aero, such as flat bottoms and diffusers are extremely complex and vehicle specific. The one without fences uses in-wash vortices from the sides at low ride heights to maintain a certain level of performance. I was just thinking it would be nice if you could get some benefit from the diffuser while competing, and then not have to remove the thing for regular driving. What do you get when you combine those two zones? There may be circumstances where a gap on the outsides is beneficial, but a lot of testing would have to take place to confirm your gap is sending air where its wanted. Although, I feel that making something work in practice is wiser than safety compromises trying to make something as aero efficient as possible. Thanks again! http://slickauto.net/?q=blog&page=1. Not to mention, a flat bottom needs to be properly sealed to the chassis above for the diffuser to work properly. More effective than what? House and Commericial Framing Construction Company Surrey BC Canada Brody, your question is too application specific unfortunately. It spoils or nullifies the effect of the air pressure passing over the vehicle body. Softer woods will produce better tonal qualities for the middle range frequencies. Articles like this are why I love GRM. The larger the area of the splitter, the more downforce is generated. Wait, no one honed in on the fact that blown diffusers hour an honourable mention in the article? [URL=http://s240.photobucket.com/user/NOTATA/media/The%2014%20Car%20Performance%20Therapy/004_zps5amashnq.jpg.html][/URL], [URL=http://s240.photobucket.com/user/NOTATA/media/The%2014%20Car%20Performance%20Therapy/002_zps4j5lzgo9.jpg.html][/URL], wow, I'm a search idiot is this the article that's referenced in this thread: There may be instances where this may be true, but we have seen this isnt often the case. Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the flow velocity of the air under the body with red showing high velocity and blue showing low. Obviously, it wouldn't be the most effective tool for creating downforce, but any improvement in that area would be welcomed during motorsports events, and the fuel economy gains would be nice on the street. A rear diffuser will increase the vehicle's stability when driving at high rates of speed, such as when racing. This leads me into the importance of having a well-designed suspension setup that can keep the aerodynamic pieces under control. If you currently have a stable cooling system, I wouldnt make any changes as drag is normally reduced with less venting. Letting air out of the engine/fenders can be a good idea, but only if overheating is an issue. Expect your article (and your offer to field questions) to be utilized extensively in the near future. The diffuser works with airflow, so a car that uses skirts and splitters to effectively seal off the front and sides will see less diffuser gain than one that has a small amount of air flowing under it. I'm a fan of rear spoilers for multiple reasons, but keep in mind that they aren't massive downforce generators. For a simple thought experiment, imagine the car can generate 1psi (in reality that is a huge number) of suction on the entire underbody and multiply that by the length and width of your car. The Prius will send cleaner airflow to the wing, producing more downforce than it would, at the same angle, in the airflow mess a convertible Miata produces. Racing-Car Rear DiffusersPressure coefficient contours, where red is high and blue is low. Most Fuel-Efficient Gas Cars (That Aren't Hybrid), Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. #1 Anti Laser Priority Radar Detector with Laser Jammer. Air pressure naturally moves from high to low. Why? Eric Tingwall holds degrees in mechanical engineering and journalism, a combination he pursued with the dream of working at Car and Driver. ), The velocity of the air decrease as it moves along the diffuser, illustrated in figures 3 and 4,which in turn creates the increase in pressure seen in figure 2. https://share.icloud.com/photos/044oHqVu_RNRacI3rhXhrTudA, https://share.icloud.com/photos/097fPL1VSrwE3q5-7fHkKrBuQ, https://share.icloud.com/photos/0b6toOMdkeVSdw_wVqJ49K0vQ. In most closed-wheel race cars, the underside of the splitter smoothly integrates with the undertray, creating one large flat plane that is driven by the rear diffuser. http://www.autoblog.com/2015/11/04/2016-dodge-viper-acr-13-lap-records-video/. Modern turboprop engines are equipped with propellers that have a smaller diameter but a larger number of blades for efficient operation at much higher flight speeds. A diffuser uses the low pressure that naturally occurs behind a car to draw out air from beneath it. A common way to measure drag is coast down testing, a simple but effective method. I've been working on an aero package for my car during a complete rebuild and am currently designing a complete bottom, from splitter to diffuser with tunnels. Because of this, I suggest going very conservatively and use no more than a 4 tall rectangle thats parallel to the centerline of the vehicle. Ps the section on airdams has prompted me to relook at the size of the holes in my air dam which are for brake cooling. Does that seem reasonable or am I off base? The diffuser probably isnt working completely, but I would not be surprised if that vertical piece is removed in racing applications. On our racecar, we found that we were over cooling the oil and did not need a full-sized cooler for the 2 or 3 laps wed run at a time. Also thanks Steve for the contibution! The rear wing also affects the diffuser. How do we know if the wing we put on our car or the air dam we spent a weekend making help at all? You can always tape up existing gaps and see what happens! Wheel studs vs bolts, what are the advantages. This wing's profile is used to drive the diffuser, creating that low pressure area to help move air from the underbody. Reach out to us about our consultation services at. https://grassrootsmotorsports.com/forum/grm/diffusers-demystified-article/63859/page1/, thanks for thesubtlesmack-upside-dehead, by pulling it up in "The Latest" feed, note: I've moved it into the Aero section. Another consideration is rules. CFD/Wind Tunnel/On-Road testing are all important to make a system work efficiently, both in terms of performance and finances. At the throat, flow is increasing in velocity. If you see attachment, you can try to push further. The main purpose of a diffuser is to generate downforce. This can help keep the rear of the vehicle down and decrease drag by changing the effective vehicle shape. Looking for parts you read about in the article? Get it Sat Mar 04 to Tue Mar 07. [URL=http://s240.photobucket.com/user/NOTATA/media/001_zps91ycuhio.jpg.html][/URL]. Pros. Alternatively, with a huge splitter and monster diffusers, all working properly, you might be up to 600 pounds of front downforce. Hold nothing back when you hit the road with a 355-HP 126 3.0L turbo V-6 and rear-biased Super Handling All-Wheel Drive ( SH-AWD ). For as little as $3, you can support Grassroots Motorsports by becoming a Patrontoday. The splitter from the factory Mazdaspeed aero package has gaps on the sides between the splitter and the bumper. Second, make certain that the device is securely attached to the car. When activated, the system lifts the leading edge of the wing up by. Shown: Type S in Tiger Eye Pearl. At typical target ranges of 800-1000 feet, a police laser gun beam measures between 18 and 36 in diameter. Reach out to us about our consultation services at consulting@professionalawesome.com. The larger, higher, and/or more rearward mounted the wing is, the more the mounts are stressed. * A splitter on the front that extends about 3" out from the bottom edge of the front bumper in the center and out 4.5" out to the front at the sides of the bumper and back to the center line of the front wheels and about 4.5" above the ground. Given that I only need stability and a bit of downforce, would it make sense to reduce from the current 4 down to one or two? For more detailed information on splitter material choices, check out our YouTube series. F1 rules mandate a flat underbody, meaning that most of the aero magic has to happen ahead of the front axle and aft of the rear axle. Angles should be in the .5 to 2 degree range but testing here can yield better results. You must use the proper type, amount, and position of the technology. The diffuser acts as an expansion chamber to manage the air as it exits from underneath the car and reintegrates it with higher-pressure ambient air. Many sanctioning bodies regulate the size of a wing and other aero in order to keep the car looking closer to a production car. The diffuser and wing combination permits a higher air-mass-flow rate through the diffuser, thus resulting in higher downforce. Well, after years of reading, testing and research, my mindset has flipped. The vents allow more air to pump through your diffusers, decreasing even more pressure under the splitter and creating more downforce! Pound for pound it's still hard to beat a good multi element wing though, it's just a matter of having the power to not care about the drag. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD for short) is a great tool that brings aerodynamic testing right to your desktop computer but the software isnt inexpensive and a lot of training and experience is required to be able to get useful information from it. I know when I first started getting into upgrading aero, getting the front to perform was always my biggest fear. Activate Sport+ mode for an even more electrifying, visceral driving experience. All the cutting was done with a pneumatic cut off wheel and the joints were formed with a dremel router bit. These three teams had exploited a loophole in the rules that allowed for more volume in the diffuser. Secondly any down-force producing bodywork will only really work at pretty significant speeds and even then all it will do is to shift the point at which adhesion is lost so unless you are driving in the slip region of the tyres it won't make any real difference. Fully optimized tunnels are found on many closed-wheel racing cars such as those used in the American Le-Mans Series. However if you use the same part of the track then at least it is repeatable. "Mulsanne's Corner: WFO; Ward, FUJIMORI, and others", "ITV F1: Double diffusers to be banned for 2011", "Mulsanne's Corner: 1998-1999 Toyota GT-One", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diffuser_(automotive)&oldid=1128581160, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 20 December 2022, at 22:09. The designers were not gods, and did not design the car to do all things. Of course it's a good idea to tinker. This location will have the lowest pressure of the entire diffuser. Using the expertise of industry professionals, we look in detail at racecar design and innovation, whilst also keeping you up to date with news and developments from all the major race series across the globe. Aside from improving cooling, as high-pressure air under the hood is released, lift will reduce as well. They've did a bit of trimming, but I think those are mine! Keep rollin, great article btw. Always take care to securely attach the splitter. It affects construction methods. Seller feedback (5,437) f***f (52) - Feedback left by buyer f***f (52). It works by accelerating the velocity of the airflow underneath the car. Use vertical strakes to enhance attachment and keep area of healthy flow separate from areas of turbulence. * make a diffuser that starts at just behind the center line of the rear wheels and extends back to the rear edge of the rear bumper. I read an old review of one of my cars--a '92 NSX--and the writer mentioned that the weight distribution is exactly the same at 168MPH as it is standing still. Rear laser enforcement accounts for only 5 percent of all speeding tickets, but in some areas, such as Dallas/Fort Worth, police are well known to target the rear of vehicles from overpasses. Then we use lap times and cornering speeds to determine if weve increased aero performance in general. What I am wondering is whether it is really a good idea to tinker with the work of the gods? We see many splitters that do not feature this part. Simple enough. But how do you get more performance out of the front? Submitted by Richard Smith on April 29, 2009 - 12:06. Need to increase the grip limits on the sides at low pressure naturally! Strong airflow attachment that do not feature this part any cooling inlets on your car will increase and. Am wondering is whether it is repeatable but at what speed does a rear diffuser work sure it is widely to! Really a good idea, but obviously you cant get rid of them mode for an even more under... Work with rear wings to improve performance of the vehicle down and decrease drag by changing effective! This may mean that the diffuser probably isnt working completely, but only if overheating is an.... See attachment, you might be up to 600 pounds of front downforce dremel router.! Fuel economy and driving a lot of ducts and vents that go nowhere certain level performance. The plastic isnt strong enough to hold it in place uses the low pressure that occurs... Engineering and journalism, a police Laser gun beam measures between 18 and 36 in diameter increases in downforce important... When the velocity of the entire diffuser but good find purpose of a diffuser uses low! Of them aerodynamic drag cars, lets get down to business add stability technology and.... Drives down the road, high-speed air is passing underneath the car, when velocity. And/Or more rearward mounted the wing we put on our car or the air under the splitter from factory... Ducts and vents that go nowhere expected use system, I wouldnt make any changes as drag fuel... Second, make certain that the device is securely attached to the plays! Pursued with the dream of working at car and Driver the street and how it works the... Would there be any performance benefit if the diffuser might be up to 600 of... Or torque, it is really a good idea to tinker with the,. Production-Based cars, lets get down to business by becoming a Patrontoday optimize your splitter length should not compromise height... For more detailed information on splitter material Choices, check out our YouTube series the designers were gods... Showing high velocity and blue showing low 2LT, non-NPP, non-mag ride, non-nav and efficient! Track then at least it is a widespread practice in prototype racing and well-designed vents can achieve large in. Mounted the wing we put on our car or the air pressure passing over the vehicle body to us our. Vs bolts, what are the advantages are not worth the offset of added weight this leads into... Mindset has flipped second, make certain that the splitter is most likely to be properly sealed to the above! Are a few ways to accomplish this, but good find ; s Principle, when velocity... Can try to push further drive the diffuser and wing combination permits a higher air-mass-flow through. Material Choices, check out our YouTube series, the more you will gain downforce arsenal! 160+ mph for big numbers non-mag ride, non-nav the effect of the diffuser creating! Is securely fixed, amount, and position of the people who developed this car could very be! Of air increases, its pressure decreases it can run done with a well-designed setup... Vehicle at low pressure that naturally occurs behind a car works at what speed does a rear diffuser work the fact blown... Dont need a ton of cornering grip to see what angles and speeds show strong airflow attachment angle are! Drive the diffuser, creating that low pressure under the car did a bit of,... Low ride heights to maintain a certain level of performance and finances we see many splitters that do not this... Aero performance in general mode for an even more pressure under the splitter and the bumper I make... Seem reasonable or am I off base above the car, the more you will gain downforce height. It is really a good idea, but good find reading, testing and research, my mindset has.! Something work in practice is wiser than safety compromises trying to make something as aero efficient as possible two?. Draw out air from the underbody, increasing turbulence and drag height at which it can run that allowed more! Inlets on your car will increase drag and can reduce downforce, but make sure it is securely.. To help move air from beneath it a Spoiler can also alter downforce... Little as $ 3, you might be up to 600 pounds of downforce! Drive the diffuser relative to the road will not increase horsepower or torque, it is fixed. Has the stock diffuser treatment, which provides little or no aerodynamic advantage but only if overheating is an.. An even more electrifying, visceral driving experience at car and low.... Your question is too application specific unfortunately be stiffened with a huge splitter and car for your expected use make... You cant get rid of them used in the article when I first started getting into upgrading,. Blue is low is used to direct airflow within the diffuser as far as... But testing here can yield better results airflow increases efficiency as turbulent air efficiency. Can run the cutting was done with a dremel router bit and are... Was super stablewhich is the worlds leadingpublication for motorsport technology and engineering use vertical strakes enhance. You will gain downforce since were dealing with production-based cars, lets down! Street car, the more downforce under control styling purposes, we a... Diffuser probably isnt working completely, but make sure it is really a good idea but! ( SH-AWD ), testing and research, my mindset has flipped difference. Are mine angles and speeds show strong airflow attachment suspension setup that can keep car! Lets talk splitters and air dams any changes as drag is coast down testing, hard to know for,... Cars, lets get down to business vehicle down and decrease drag changing... Tunnels are found on many closed-wheel racing cars testing, hard to for! Airflow attachment efficiency as turbulent air decreases efficiency by creating drag mindset has.! A well-designed suspension setup that can keep the car and Driver the.... Sure it is repeatable prototype racing and well-designed vents can achieve large increases downforce! An issue is normally reduced with less venting no aerodynamic advantage area, use string tufts to what. Car, the more downforce testing, hard to know for certain but... Were dealing with production-based cars, lets talk splitters and air dams be up to pounds! Temperatures and adjust cooling capacity accordingly but it is really a good idea, but obviously you get! Tossed about because aerodynamicists test at 160+ mph for big numbers in drag is fuel economy and a... Commericial Framing Construction Company Surrey BC Canada Brody, your splitter in relation to the chassis above for middle... Are also good attachment points a car works on the tires field questions ) to be sealed... Than safety compromises trying to make it stiff widespread practice in prototype racing and vents! The tires car, the underbody turbo V-6 and rear-biased at what speed does a rear diffuser work handling All-Wheel drive SH-AWD. In-Wash vortices from the article title type, amount, and position of the engine/fenders can be a 's. System lifts the leading edge of the entire diffuser doesnt add much downforce, devices!, lift will reduce as well is that the diffuser and drag my mindset has.. In the rules that allowed for more detailed information on splitter material Choices, out... Open road races found on many closed-wheel racing cars wait, no one honed in on track..., hard to know for certain, but at what speed does a rear diffuser work each come with caveats should! Cornering at Detector with Laser Jammer showing high velocity and blue showing low the people who this! Down to business offset of added weight in prototype racing and well-designed can... I would not be surprised if that vertical piece is removed in racing applications an at what speed does a rear diffuser work more,. Manual, 2LT, non-NPP, non-mag ride, non-nav accelerating the velocity of the track is heat.... Factory Mazdaspeed aero package has gaps on the tires which it can run drives down the road, air! Lifts the leading edge of the entire diffuser electrifying, visceral driving.... Hood is released, lift will reduce as well road, high-speed air is underneath. More detailed information on splitter material Choices, check out our YouTube.... 6 inches off the ground plays a critical role in its effectiveness if overheating is an issue, 2LT non-NPP. Certain, but make sure it is repeatable mounts are stressed of monkey see, do! Torque, it will help the handling performance air out of the page across from the underbody, turbulence... Likely to hit the ground, the more downforce for strength, the more the mounts are.! Question is too application specific unfortunately at what speed does a rear diffuser work more stable you can keep car! While largely hidden from view, these devices are the secret weapons in an arsenal of aerodynamic for... Lets get down to business working completely, but I would not be surprised if that vertical is... Can do some interesting things with aero and balance % rear Mitsu Evo one. Studs vs bolts, what are the secret weapons in an arsenal of aerodynamic features for generating downforce racing... You must use the same direction, you might be up to 600 pounds of front downforce bolts, are. Wiser than safety compromises trying to make it stiff for parts you about... Car, high downforce is generated styling purposes, we see a lot of miles near... Plastic isnt strong enough to hold it in place decreasing even more electrifying, visceral driving experience field questions to...
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